MX
A DNS record that specifies the mail servers and their priority order for a domain.
In plain words
An MX record tells mail servers where to deliver email for your domain.
Practical example
The MX record for example.com points to mx.yandex.net with priority 10 — all mail goes there.
Where you encounter it
When setting up email on a domain: Yandex 360, Google Workspace, Mailgun, and other providers.